在集中產(chǎn)生有害物的局部地點(diǎn)，設(shè)置捕集裝置，將有害物排走，以控制有害物向室內(nèi)擴(kuò)散，這種通風(fēng)方法稱為局部排風(fēng)。這是防毒，排塵有效的通風(fēng)方法.
In the local places where harmful substances are produced in a concentrated way, the trapping device is set to discharge the harmful substances, so as to control the diffusion of harmful substances indoors. This ventilation method is called local ventilation. This is an effective ventilation method for poison prevention and dust removal
局部排風(fēng)系統(tǒng)由以下幾部分組成：
The local exhaust system consists of the following parts:
(1)局部排風(fēng)罩
(1) Local exhaust hood
局部排風(fēng)罩是用來捕集有害物的。它的性能對局部排風(fēng)系統(tǒng)的技術(shù)經(jīng)濟(jì)指標(biāo)有直接影響。性能良好的局部排風(fēng)罩，如密閉罩，只要較小的風(fēng)量就可以獲得良好的工作效果。由于生產(chǎn)設(shè)備和操作的不同，排風(fēng)罩的形式是多種多樣的。
The local exhaust hood is used to catch harmful substances. Its performance has a direct impact on the technical and economic indicators of the local exhaust system. Local exhaust hood with good performance, such as airtight hood, can achieve good working effect as long as the air volume is small. Due to different production equipment and operation, the exhaust hood has various forms.
(2)風(fēng)管
(2) Air duct
通風(fēng)系統(tǒng)中輸送氣體的管道稱為風(fēng)管，它把系統(tǒng)中的各種設(shè)備或部件連成了一個整體。為了提高系統(tǒng)的經(jīng)濟(jì)性，應(yīng)合理選定風(fēng)管中的氣體流速，管路應(yīng)力求短、直。風(fēng)管通常用表面光滑的材料制作，如：薄鋼板、聚氯乙烯板，有時(shí)也用混凝土、磚等材料。
The pipes conveying gas in the ventilation system are called air ducts, which connect various equipment or components in the system into a whole. In order to improve the economy of the system, the gas flow rate in the air duct shall be reasonably selected, and the pipeline shall be as short and straight as possible. The air duct is usually made of materials with smooth surface, such as steel sheet, PVC sheet, and sometimes concrete, bricks and other materials.
(3)除塵、凈化設(shè)備
(3) Dedusting and purification equipment
為了防止大氣污染，當(dāng)排出空氣中有害物量超過排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn)時(shí)，必須用凈化設(shè)備處理，達(dá)到排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn)后，排人大氣。凈化設(shè)備分除塵器和有害氣體凈化裝置兩類
In order to prevent air pollution, when the amount of harmful substances in the discharged air exceeds the emission standard, it must be treated with purification equipment, and discharged into the atmosphere after reaching the emission standard. Purification equipment includes dust remover and harmful gas purification device.
(4)風(fēng)機(jī)
(4) Fan
風(fēng)機(jī)向機(jī)械排風(fēng)系統(tǒng)捉供空氣流動的動力。為了防止風(fēng)機(jī)的磨損和腐蝕，通常把它放在凈化設(shè)備的后面。
The fan provides power for air flow to the mechanical exhaust system. In order to prevent abrasion and corrosion of the fan, it is usually placed behind the purification equipment.
如果只對局部地點(diǎn)進(jìn)行排風(fēng)或送風(fēng)，即局部通風(fēng);如果對整個車間進(jìn)行排風(fēng)或送風(fēng)，則為通風(fēng)。通常，按通風(fēng)系統(tǒng)的作用范圍不同，可將通風(fēng)分為局部通風(fēng)、通風(fēng)和事故通風(fēng)。局部通風(fēng)系統(tǒng)又分為局部進(jìn)風(fēng)和局部排風(fēng)兩大類，它們都是利用局部氣流，使局部工作地點(diǎn)不受有害物的污染，造成良好的空氣環(huán)境。
If only exhaust or supply air to local places, that is, local ventilation; If the whole workshop is ventilated or supplied, it is fully ventilated. Generally, ventilation can be divided into local ventilation, general ventilation and emergency ventilation according to the different scope of action of the ventilation system. The local ventilation system can be divided into two categories: local air inlet and local air exhaust. Both of them make use of local airflow to protect local workplaces from harmful substances and create a good air environment.
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